French Airport Vocabulary Quiz

Legal Definition Of The Group - 1525 Words

Gay and Lesbians (GLBTI - Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Inter-sex) Legal definition of the group (3 marks) ‘Gay’ mostly refers to men who are primarily attracted to other men, emotional and sexually, but can be used to describe both men and women who have a same-sex attraction (beyondblue, 2013). ‘Lesbian’ refers to women who are primarily attracted to other women, emotionally and sexually (beyondblue, 2013). ‘Bisexual’ refers to individuals who are attracted, emotionally and/or sexually, to individuals of more than one gender (beyondblue, 2013) ‘Transgender’ refers to individuals who have a deep feeling that the gender they were born with does not ‘fit’ them and whose gender is different from that traditionally assigned to their†¦show more content†¦Most same-sex couple partners that identified in the Census were non-indigenous (ABS, 2012). According to 2011 statistics, there was a 32% increase since 2006 in the number of same-sex couples in Australia. Throughout the 15 years between 1996 and 2011, the number of same-sex couples. Below are a few statistic graphs (ABS). Describe the individual diversity within the group. What determines whether an individual is part of the group? How might individuals vary within the group? (4 marks) Gay: ‘Gay’ refers specifically to males with a sexual orientation exclusively towards males. Lesbian: ‘Lesbian’ refers to females with a sexual orientation exclusively to females. Bisexual: ‘Bisexual’ refers to individuals who are attracted to males and females. Transgender: ‘Transgender’ is generally used to described those who have behaviours involving the full or partial reversal of gender roles as well as sexual reassignment therapies. Intersex: ‘Intersex’ people or hermaphrodites are born with reproductive organs of both sexes. Identify the positive and negative terminology used in the community to describe the group. Discuss the impact this might have on the individuals within the group. (6 marks) Whilst the word choice varies, mainly the use of the derogatory terms are used to negatively describe or to put down an individual that may that are

Dower and Dowry Confusion Free Essays

Dower and dowry confusion The dower is a sum of money or other property which becomes payable by the husband to the wife as an effect of marriage[1]. On the other hand, Dowry is a transaction between two parties involving cash, or other valuable articles such as precious metals, gems, clothing, appliances, real estate, or goods for entertainment, made as a condition for entering a marriage contract[2]. The dowry system is not recognised in the religion or the law of the Muslim societies but has spread into it. We will write a custom essay sample on Dower and Dowry Confusion or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3] Conversely, Islamic law provides dower to enhance the status of women[4]. It is important to note that until now authors confuse dower with dowry. Perhaps the aspect of women’s property or stridhanam in Hindu law and dower as the exclusive property of the wife are seen as synonymous. When dowry is regarded as stridhanam or pre-mortem inheritance for women, contradictions arise and the equation of dowry with stridhanam has been disputed by several authors. They argue that the situation is absolutely reverse, as dowry is not a gift to the wife or her exclusive property but the property of her in-laws. [5] Islam has legislated the giving of the dower by the husband to the wife in order to please the woman’s heart and to honour her. It is also meant to bring an end to what was done in the Days of Ignorance wherein she was wronged, exploited, despised and robbed of her wealth. The dower is a right exclusively for the wife. It is her possession and none of her guardians or relatives may share any part of it[6]. No one has any power over her concerning how she wishes to dispose of it, as long as she does so in a legally acceptable manner. She may give it away as a gift, she may lend it to others or she may give it in charity or do any other permissible acts she wishes with it[7]. But dowry is totally different. At times people think that dower is some sort of acronym of dowry, which is literally incorrect. Dower is the money paid by the groom to his bride while dowry is trousseau, gift of money or valuables given by the bride’s father to the groom at the time of the marriage. It is important to understand that there is absolutely no similarity between dower and dowry; with the former being a legal right and the latter being a tradition[8]. Dowry is predominantly a Hindu tradition carried on after the people of the subcontinent embraced Islam. Women are given the right of inheritance but there is no concept of dowry in Islam. If it was a part of our religion, our Holy Prophet (PBUH) must have granted valuables to his only daughter Fatima on her marriage to Ali. Instead, Ali had to pay for the valima by selling his armour[9]. This problem has intensified to the extent that women in both India and Pakistan commit suicide considering themselves burden on their families as they can’t afford to give heavy dowry or entertain the in-laws years after marriage. At times the girl’s family pays part of the dowry at the time of the marriage, promising to pay the rest after the marriage. This stipulation causes a lot of grief and mistreatment to the girl and her family especially if the ‘payment’ is delayed[10]. ———————– 1] Monsoor, Taslima: â€Å"Gender Equity and Economic Empowerment: Family Law and Women in Bangladesh†. Dhaka, p. 22 2 http://www. indiatogether. org/women/dowry/pledge. htm 3 Sivaramayya, B. : Inequalities and the law. New Delhi 1984, p. 66 4 Monsoor, Taslima: â€Å"Gender Equity and Economic Empowerment: Family Law and Women in Bangladesh†. Dhaka, p. 47 5 Ibid [2] http://www. islamweb. net/emainpage/index. php? page=articlesid=97117 [3] Ibid [4] http://jang. com. pk/thenews/feb2007-weekly/you-20-02-2007/ [5] Ibid [6] Ibid How to cite Dower and Dowry Confusion, Papers

Marketing for Journal of Sociological Research - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMarketing for Journal of Sociological Research. Answer: Rebranding Needed Sometimes rebranding is important as it keeps the company in the track of the market competition. Rebranding always caters the customers need and takes a strong image to the consumers mind (Vlckner and Sattler 2013). The rebranding is needed because it is the companys brand strategy. It is important because it is associated with the ACUs image, logo, advertising and the marketing strategy. After an acquisition, the ACU needs to rebrand their products and it helps in keeping the new products with its existing lines of products. It is important because it helps them in maintaining how all the stakeholders experience them. The ACUs new brand strategy will help them to keep their commitment in high performance of teaching and learning, researching, engaging students, partnership and excelling their services. Ways of Changing the Existing Brand ACU believes that brand is much more than a logo. The ACUs existing brand has changed in a way it has introduced a clearer and stronger typeface and made an important visual connection between the trefoil and the typeface. They have done this to make the logo more distinct and interesting. The ACU has also changed the logo color for expressing and reflecting better empathy and impact on the mind of the customers. The impact has created by keeping the red color, which is distinct and unique for ACU. It also creates a connection with the uniqueness of the ACU red. The expression and reflection of empathy is shown by introducing a dark purple color. The company has evolved their logo as the rebranding project; however, the new one is closely similar to the existing one. The changes in the logo imply a necessity to improve the functionality of its usability. However, the changes add an extra layer to its confidence (Singh, Tripathi and Yadav 2012) . Effectiveness of the Changes The changes are effective in a way it reflects the unique identity of the ACU. The changes might imply the notion of who they are and what they are stand for. This is the first time when they have invested so much money to express their true and sole identity. It is associated with their ambition of who they want to become in the future. It will also have an effect on the culture of the organization. It adds in improving their functionality (Roy and Sarkar 2015). It is effective in a way that it creates deeper sense of confidence and the authority knows it well that it could foster a new work culture. The overall impression is determined by the rebranding strategy as it has influencing power. As ACU is a university, they have very interesting and exciting story to tell. However, these changes will allow them to do it with their unique voice. Positioning the University The Australian Catholic University is positing itself in a way as this university offers a welcoming environment to all its students, staffs and teachers irrespective of the socio-cultural and geo-political backgrounds. The door of the university is open to all and they invite everyone to their campus. It wants to provide a shared identity among the students, staffs and teachers. It wants to inspire everyone in the spirit of embracement. It wants to inspire the personal growth of the students and teachers (Morgan and Rego 2013). It wants to inspire the spirit of curiosity and generosity. It wants to engage in providing the environment that is worth living. However, each of the members of the university can exercise his or her rights. The university wants to position itself in a way that can help the members of the university to engage in bigger commitment with life. Position Communication The positing needs to be communicated among its students, teachers and staffs (Vlckner and Sattler 2013). The clarity of focus, which is one of the ways of positioning, is being communicated by acknowledging the people who has natural attraction to the ethos of the university culture. Inclusion of all students and members of the university irrespective of the socio-cultural and socio-economical background are communicating the sense of shared identity. The university wants to build a diverse community, which allows everyone and pays respect to everyones cultural values. The communication is done by stimulating everyone that they are the part of this university. The university wants everyone to practice the intellectual and human potential fully and for this purpose, the university wants to provide the appropriate environment to all the members of the university. This university has grown recently in research output. However, the growth in research excellence is not compromised with e ffective changes in the diversity policy. The university wants to remain inclusive in nature and supportive for everyone, everyday. The positing is being communicated by providing more benefits and opportunities to the students, teachers and staffs. The central components of its curriculum involve to the involvement to the real world and it encourages its students and staffs to participate in the problems of the real world. The Australian Catholic University is deeply engaged and connected to the society and industry. The university wants to communicate the bigger purpose of the education for the humanity with their students. Impact through Empathy The university wants to be the agent of changing the world. The university wants to play a role that would inspire the students to make a difference by cultivating the ability of the students to act. However, for this purpose, the students need to think empathetically. The sense of empathy comes from the heart of the human being. As this is not only concerned with mere emotion, it has complex intellectual framework, which is associated with conviction, courage and integrity (Smith 2017). It has capacity to push people from their comfort zone and fall into somewhere great. The brand essence, Impact through Empathy is the effect of the catholic values, on which the university has been established upon. It defines the purpose to move forward. It also provides inspiration to connect to the international community in a more meaningful manner. References Morgan, N.A. and Rego, L.L., 2013, May. Brand portfolio strategy and firm performance. American Marketing Association. Roy, S. and Sarkar, S., 2015. To brand or to rebrand: Investigating the effects of rebranding on brand equity and consumer attitudes.Journal of brand management,22(4), pp.340-360. Singh, A.K., Tripathi, V. and Yadav, P., 2012. Rebranding and organisational performance-some issues of relevance.American Journal of Sociological Research,2(5), pp.90-97. Smith, J., 2017. What is empathy for?.Synthese,194(3), pp.709-722. Vlckner, F. and Sattler, H., 2013, May. Drivers of brand extension success. American Marketing Association.

My Fitness Pal Essay free essay sample

My Fitness Pal Essay Throughout the semester have been recording my eating habits on my fitness pal. I knew before even started using my fitness pal that my eating habits were not good and to be healthy I needed to stop eating food that was so bad for me. Even though it took me over half the semester to realize that, I now can say I am on a healthier track in life and could not be happier.Throughout this process have learned what foods are healthier to eat and what foods are really bad for you. When I first started using my fitness pal I as eating fast food literally everyday because it was so easy and convenient for me to get between my classes. Foods such as hamburgers and chicken were what I was consuming everyday. I never cared about how many calories was taking in. As a result from eating fast food everyday I felt tired all the time. We will write a custom essay sample on My Fitness Pal Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Not only did feel tired all the time, I was gaining weight, which is never a good thing. The more calories I was taking in, the more weight I was gaining. After I realized how bad the food was that I was taking into my body I decided to put a stop to it. I no longer eat fast food and I try to eat as healthy as I sibyl can. Now I eat yogurt, salad, and subs a lot. I eat those things because they are no where near as bad for you as fast food is. Before my fitness pal I never worked out because I was too lazy to but that has also changed.Not only do I eat healthy now, I workout everyday. Am so glad that have decided to make these changes in my lifestyle because I have started losing weight. Not only do I look better, but I feel so much better. I have a lot more energy throughout the day. My fitness pal really has helped me. It opened my eyes into a whole new direction of my life that I never thought was possible. I was never motivated to make myself better until realized just what I was putting into my body with all that greasy fast food.I think this is defiantly something you should continue doing with your future classes because I know it was just what I needed to get started. Am now on a 1200- calorie diet. To start with it was a little bit challenging but every day that passes it gets easier. That is another good thing about my fitness pal. It counts the calories I eat so know when I have reached my limit. Overall, I am thankful that my fitness pal was brought to my attention and I was able to make the best of it.

Analysis of a film poster of Harry Potter Essays

Analysis of a film poster of Harry Potter Essays Analysis of a film poster of Harry Potter Paper Analysis of a film poster of Harry Potter Paper Essay Topic: Film The Glass Castle The poster does give an indication of the genre because there is a castle in the background which indicates that it has something to do with schools as the children in the poster are also wearing school uniform. The teachers look incredibly strict because they are not smiling and their facial expressions are dreadfully cheerless. The type of font that is used in the poster is very sharp and bold and t looks like lightning. Its stands out, which is important so the viewers can see what the film is called and get a brief idea in what it is about. The title is yellow therefore it also stands out a lot because the background is blue. The film looks like it is about witchcraft for the reason that the female teacher is wearing a pointed hat which represents witches. Also all the teachers are wearing black which also represents mystery and darkness. Dumbledoor is very old. He looks strict but very clever as well. His clothing looks very heavy and he is wearing a long cloak, a hat and glasses. He is standing right above Hermione but is also standing above everyone else. I think they did that to show that he is the most powerful. He is sanding straight and he looks like he is looking down on us and the other teachers and pupils. Hermione looks very cheerful, as shown in her facial expressions. She is holding books which interpret that she is clever and a good student. Hermione is wearing school uniform which also gave me the idea that she is in school. She looks very polite and mature. She is standing with her back straight and she has a good posture. Her uniform is a white skirt, a jumper and a black cloak. She is standing very close to Ron and Dumbledoor. The connotations of her image are that she may be very intelligent because she is holding books and that she is very gracious and grown-up because of her posture and facial expressions. Ron looks very innocent and quite different from the rest of the cast. However he looks like hes got a lot of tricks up his sleeves meaning that he can trick anyone easily and that he is very sneaky. He also is wearing uniform. He is wearing a tie with a whit shirt and a jumper. He has got his arm crossed which indicates that he might be very bossy. The connotations of his image might be that he looks quite bossy or even nerdy at times. Snake looks angry and by his facial expressions I can see that he is frowning. I can see that he is wearing a long black cloak. He has got his hand on his heart to show that he is powerful. His hair is incredibly messy and his posture is good. The connotations of his image are that he is trying to tell people that he is powerful and decent because he has his hand on his heart. Miss McGonagall looks very severe and stern. She is wearing a hat that is usually represented by witches which suggested that she might be a witch. She looks daunting and also very powerful. The connotations of her image are that she looks very powerful and frightening. Voldermorre looks sneaky and secretive. He is frowning a little bit but he has no certain facial expression. He doesnt looks very powerful; he looks like a cleaner or guard of the school. He is wearing a long furry coat and doesnt looks like a teacher. He looks very conning and not very trustworthy. Harry Potter is the main character as the name of the film is Harry Potter. He looks very scared and he is the only one that isnt looks straight at us. He is the one that is the most enlarged in the picture which also suggested that he was the main character. He gives the impression of being very clever and looks like he always has an answer to everybodys question. He also seem like he knows how to sort out problems and how to get himself out of trouble. Besides the characters there are other objects on the poster such as a train. It says hog warts express across it. It suggests that the children might be on the train during the film or that the train goes through the school. There is also a castle which may be there school. It looks like it is on top a hill or a large mountain. There is loads of lightening in the background which creates a very spooky image. The forest also looks very frightening. The caption Journey beyond your imagination stands out because the background is very dark and the font is white. The positioning of the caption is at the top of the poster right in the cenre. It has no specific technique that I can see, athough it seems that the main meaning of the poster is to tell us even more spectacular things can happen. Most of the writing is mainly to the centre of the page, apart from all the cast. The font is mostly capital letters and some words are smaller than others because they are possibly less important than the rest. Most of the writing is in white seeing that the background is very dark. There are different font sizes for different parts of the poster. Obviously the more important writing will be in the bigger font. At the bottom of the page I can see keywords such as Harry Potter; this could tell us that he is the main character if we havent already discovered that. There is also a WB sign that stands for Warner Brothers which represents the cinema the film is shown in.

Unit 6 Big Ideas in Science SEMINAR Research Paper

Unit 6 Big Ideas in Science SEMINAR - Research Paper Example Atmospheric Carbon also comes from decomposition of dead animals. Sedimentary rocks like limestone, as well as seashells also contain carbon. Nitrogen, on the other hand, exists in the atmosphere as nitrogen gas. This nitrogen gas is converted to ammonia gas through the process of nitrogen fixation, and the ammonia is converted to nitrites then oxidized to nitrates through the process of nitrification. Nitrogen fixation is accomplished by nitrogen fixing bacteria as well as lightning. The resultant nitrites and nitrates are converted back to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria through denitrification process. Nitrogen present in organic matter is converted into ammonia gas via ammonification process. Human activities affect the natural processes of water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles. Activities like burning of fossil fuels and coal releases nitrogen compounds, sulfur, and carbon compounds to the atmosphere, which, in addition to causing air pollution, leads to the formation of acid rain. Acid rain causes great damage to plants and animals. Increase of nitrogen in the atmosphere causes imbalance of nutrients available for plants, affecting their health and biodiversity. Other problems like leaching of nitrogen into the soil and resultant pollution and eutrophication results from increasing nitrogen in the air. Furthermore, the use of chlorofluorocarbons, CFCS, causes the breakdown of the ozone layer leading to the formation of Ozone hole. The result is an increase in occurrence of skin cancer due to penetration of ultraviolet light into the

Explain key concepts relating to the processes of environmental Essay

Explain key concepts relating to the processes of environmental hazards, complexity and uncertainty. (othr questions in files at - Essay Example Indirect damage includes loss of revenue, unemployment and market deterioration. It is therefore increasingly becoming a major developmental issue of urgent concern for the government, development partners and local communities. In view of this situation, the proposed project aims to provide strong institutional capacities, resources, and database for informed decision making about handling the emergency situations. It also provides awareness to people to handle such emergency situations by informing them through efficient warning system and providing them with the required tools. The project consists of coherently logical steps to carry out the project various phases. The work is divided under various sections, section one contains introduction and objectives, section two explains the need and importance of the project for the country, section three tells the role of project in building resilient community, section four provides information about the partner organization that will a ssist in project. Section seven contains project activity chart and timetable; the next section eight gives details of the resources required in the project. And the last section nine deals with how the project will be monitored and post-funding of project for its sustainability. The total period of project is two years and the project will be monitored throughout the two years duration of the project and post funding will be provided by ensured by the government of Pakistan, who will allocate a part of budget for the disaster management, once the project is on the ground. Section 3. Objectives of project and project outcomes (300 words) Introduction Disasters are situations or events which overwhelm local capacity, necessitating a request to national or international level for assistance. These are classified into two main categories i.e. Natural disasters which are hydro-meteorological and Geophysical, and non-natural disasters which are man-made and can be industrial related; che mical spill, collapse of industrial structures, explosion, fire, gas leak poisoning, radiation; miscellaneous events such as collapse of domestic/non industrial structures, explosion, fire, and Transport related; air, rail, road and water-borne accidents (World Disasters Report, 2002) Disasters worldwide have become a major threat to the inhabitants, so therefore managing these disaster is an important and urgent need of the new world we are living in. Data gathered worldwide over the last three decades suggest that, while the number of people killed by natural disasters has leveled out at around 80,000 per year, the number affected by disasters and associated economic losses have both soared. As during the 1990s, an annual average of around 200 million people was affected by natural disasters nearly three times higher than during the 1970s. Economic losses from such disasters in the 1990s averaged US$ 63 billion per year which is nearly five times higher in real terms than the figu re for the 1970s (Brussels-based Centre for research on the Epidemiology of Disasters-CRED) The disasters affect the developing countries in a more harsh way by undermining their developing strength and contributing to persistent poverty that hinders their growth and prosperity. Objectives of the project and project outcomes The Federal Flood Commission (FFC), Emergency Relief Cell (ERC) and Pakistan Meteorological Department are the key agencies for disaster managemen

Communication in Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Communication in Economics - Essay Example And in the case of county, residents will only pay fund if they are, loyal to, or satisfied with the performance of county administration. In the case of small number of county’s residents, the county administration can have close contact with them. It can address to there problems carefully and can redress them if it thinks them legal. Due to better understanding between a resident and administration the chance of resident’s disloyalty and disappointment are reduced. Another advantage is that county administration can more easily deal with a problem than in the case of a large sized county. For example if a problem of water occurs in county, a small sized county can better deal with this problem due to its small size than a large county. Secondly, as the county’s population increases another question about providing amenities like water, security, gas etc. is also raised that is, will the county administration be able to provide these services to the residents in return of taxes e.g. property tax, paid by the residents. In this case if the size of county increases it will be very difficult for county administration to fairly administrate the system of taxation. 2. If the proposal is accepted then how county board will provide necessary services e.g. water etc., in return of taxes and funds paid by residents. As county already lacks sufficient water to support such a population increase. In this situation, how it would be possible for county board to raise sufficient funds for wanted projects. So according to my opinion it will not be adequate to permit the investors unless the county board becomes able to manage such a population change in a well-organized manner. Or on the other hand if county board still wants to permit investor for fund raising for their planned projects, then, at the least, board should permit investors to build only one housing development so that the county’s

Elemica Global Expansion Strategy Business Information Technology Essay

Elemica Global Expansion Strategy Business Information Technology Essay Elemica is a global e-commerce company in the chemical industry which provides web-based order management and supply chain applications and services. This report aims at outlining the strategy for Elemicas e-business trading hub global expansion. First, the environmental analysis of Elemica has been discussed. The SWOT analysis of Elemicas current business is discussed, followed by evaluation of elemicas online B2B industry using Porters five forces model. The various ICT challenges which will be faced by Elemica during global expansion have been identified. The various risks, opportunities available, associated costs and critical success factors for the global expansion have been discussed. A strategy map has been defined along with a balanced score card which measures the effectiveness of the B2B expansion strategy. After exploring all the opportunities and risks involved and evaluating the effectiveness of the strategy, the following recommendations have been made: Switch to cloud computing in order to easily expand into international market and be updated with the latest technology. Follow all the regulatory compliances in its e-business initiative and apply business ethics to be followed in different countries. Ensure that all the cross-border transactions follow security protocols and are safe and secure. Being sensitive to cultural differences in expanding countries and making the change management process smooth. These recommendations will thus help Elemica to successfully expand its B2B e-business strategy and establish a dominant position in the world market. Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 Table of Contents 3 1.INTRODUCTION 4 2. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS 5 2.1 COMPANY ANALYSIS 5 2.3 CORE COMPETENCIES 8 2.4 MAJOR COMPETITOR 8 2.5 CURRENT BUSINESS MODEL 8 2.6 MARKET ANALYSIS AND TRENDS 9 2.8 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES 11 3. BUSINESS CASE FOR ELEMICA 13 4.PROPOSED PROJECT PLAN 19 4.1 PROJECT PLANNING AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT 19 5.ASSESSING ONLINE B2B INDUSTRY TRADING HUB 21 5.2STRATEGY MAP 24 6.RECOMMENDATIONS 26 6.4 BUSINESS PROCESS REDESIGN AND SYSTEMS INTEGRATION 28 6.7 SUPPORT SERVICES 29 CONCLUSION 30 LIST OF REFERENCES 31 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 33 1.INTRODUCTION This report aims at understanding the business of Elemica and hence, develops a strategic plan for the global expansion of e-business at Elemica. As the Chief Information Officer (CIO) of Elemica, an in-depth analysis of the company is presented in the report. It includes environmental analysis of Elemicas online B2B trading industry hub and also identifies the potential for global expansion of e-business. The report will assist the company to expand its core activities in the international market. It also highlights the risks associated with expanding the e-business globally. It identifies the target groups, the characterization of target groups, and how to build value into Elemicas services as desired by its customers, which are essential for the success of e-commerce (Fellenstein Wood 2000). Many inhibiting factors related to culture, security, language, legal rules, cross-border data flow, ethical regulations etc. which are present in global systems (Laudon Laudon 2006), have also been discussed. It also evaluates the entire plan by providing a Balanced Score Card to measure its effectiveness and a strategy map that will ensure the integration of strategy with implementation. The basic purpose of this project is to determine whether Elemica should go ahead with the global expansion of its online B2B trading hub or not. . 2. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Elemica is a global e-commerce company founded by 22 leading corporations in the chemical industry which provides web-based order management and supply chain applications and services. It provides a single hub which provides companies with a one-stop solution through which companies can buy and sell chemicals to one another through their ERP systems or web alternative. It enables companies to link their internal IT systems through a neutral platform. Elemica is the first e-commerce company in the chemical industry which has successfully commercialized its ERP-to-ERP connectivity. It provides a modular, hosted solution that simplifies sales, procurement and financial processes; integrate supply chain partners in order to diminish communication barriers; and reduce overhead and errors. 2.1 COMPANY ANALYSIS Elemica is a privately held company with 150 employees. It has 2500 partners in its supply chain network and $60 billion in annual transactions. It is headquartered at Pennsylvania with offices in Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Seoul, London, Singapore, Shanghai and Tokyo. VISION: To be the leading provider of supply chain integration and optimization services to the industries we serve; tire and rubber, chemical, energy and selected manufacturing industries. Clients rely on Elemica solutions and services to deliver Bottom Line Results, Enhanced Supply Chain Reliability, Quick and Easy Implementation, and Deep Industry Expertise. (Source: www.elemica.com) SWOT ANALYSIS: It is necessary to conduct a SWOT analysis of Elemica in order to develop a competitive advantage by identifying its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (Friend, 2009). It will enable Elemica to build on its strengths, overcome its weaknesses, identify the opportunities available and reduce its exposure to threats. STRENGTHS: One of the most sophisticated technology platforms in B2B space A single hub for all transactions One stop solution to its clients Addresses e-commerce needs of companies of all sizes Helps companies automate their businesses Creates efficiencies and economies of scale Reduces clients overhead and errors WEAKNESSES: Does not buy, sell or own a product Highly fragmented chemical industry with large number of companies Internet is required for the service OPPORTUNITIES: Expansion into international markets Diversifying its industry such as the rubber and tire industry, etc. where B2B e-business is possible Including reviews and feedback from long term customers so that new companies get attracted Facility of online auctions Providing for private collaborative hubs THREATS: Non-acceptance of business model in international markets Outdated technology in some time Emergence of new competitors with better technology 2.2 VALUE PROPOSITION OF ELEMICA Value proposition is the benefit that a companys products or services provide to its customers. (Turban et al, 2010, p. 591). The value proposition offered by Elemica is as follows: A single hub for all the companies to do all their transactions. Only one connection needed for all transactions unlike some other companies offering similar services. A super platform which connects the ERP systems of all participating companies which allows the companies to electronically communicate with each other and to conduct the transactions. Acts as an intermediary which only links all the companies together and then they can conduct confidential transactions electronically. Enables a company that signs up for its services to conduct business with all the other buyers as well as suppliers which are linked through Elemica. It offers four modules: procurement, logistics, and customer replenishment (automate inventory replenishment and ordering), and order management. Provides support of Elemicas Professional Services and Implementation Team to its new clients. This ensures that the on-boarding process is successful and increases acceptance of the business value with its major trading partners. Addresses e-commerce needs of chemical companies which are of all sizes. Results in improved operational efficiency, reduced costs and a higher percentage of safe and reliable deliveries 2.3 CORE COMPETENCIES The core competency of Elemica is to provide web based order management and supply chain applications and services. It delivers this by: Providing four modules: procurement, logistics, and customer replenishment (automate inventory replenishment and ordering), and order management. Single hub for all transactions. 2.4 MAJOR COMPETITOR The major competitor of Elemica in this space is ChemConnect, which was founded in 1995. It offers services similar to Elemica, but it does not connect the ERP systems of the participants. It has 9000 customers and is spread out in around 150 countries. (Figures as in 2009). 2.5 CURRENT BUSINESS MODEL Elemica provides a one-stop solution to all its customers to carry out transactions. It integrates the flow of information among the trading partners by using a Business Process Network (BPN). Once a client is connected to Elemica, it gets access to thousands of buyers and suppliers. The clients are charged for the service on the basis of volume of usage. The business model works in the following way: When a client is in need of some material, it puts up a message on its ERP system. This message goes to Elemicas platform asking its members for the availability of the material. Several of Elemicas members respond to the message by responding with quotations. At this point, both the purchaser as well as the seller is anonymous. The client decides from whom to purchase based on the quoted prices. When the shipping is arranged, the identity of the parties is revealed. When the order is confirmed, the platform is used to paln and co-ordinate delivery, automate invoice and pay one another. Elemicas revenues are generated by charging transaction fees from its clients on a per-transaction basis. Elemicas business model is sustainable because it integrates all the supply chain partners, thus reducing the communication and transaction time. The customers are able to connect to a large number of buyers and suppliers on a single platform, without having to purchase any internal system for themselves. Also, since they are charged on a transaction basis, the revenues are continuous and sustainable and are more efficient than older EDI based solutions which charged on the basis of inter-company transactions. Also, it addresses the needs of chemical companies of all sizes. It thus results in increased operational efficiency, lowering of costs, less inventory, and safe and speedy deliveries. These results in customer satisfaction and thus result in attracting more new customers. 2.6 MARKET ANALYSIS AND TRENDS With the advent of internet, there has been a major shift in the way companies do business. There has been a high visibility of B2C e-commerce, whereas it is the B2B e-commerce which provides a large amount of marketplace spending ( Pierfrancesco Manenti, 2010). The total spending by B2B e-commerce is more than 85% of the total spending of B2X e-commerce all over the world (according to IDC estimate). Research has shown that B2B e-commerce is more used by the firms in U.S. However, it is growing at a fast pace in Europe as well because the manufactures are becoming more acceptable to this concept. It has been found that only 4% of the total turnover in manufacturing sector is generated through B2B e-commerce sales (data from Eurostat). Hence, there is a great scope for e-commerce to expand in new countries as well as expand their business domain, which provides Elemica with a great business opportunity. 2.7 EVALUATION OF ELEMICAS ONLINE B2B INDUSTRY TRADING HUB The best way to evaluate Elemicas online B2B industry is by using Porters five forces model. According to the model, there are 5 forces which affect the industry and the economic value that gets divided among the industry players (Turban, 2007). Threat of new entrants: Due to continuous advances in technology, there is always a threat of a new company coming up with a latest technology and dominating the market scenario. This might make Elemica outdated. Hence, there is a high risk of new entrants coming into the market which makes it inevitable for Elemica to continuously improvce it systems and be updated with the latest techniques. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers is limited for Elemica because Elemica just provides a platform for them to make transactions. Also, the suppliers in the chemical industry are also buyers themselves, and hence are dependent on each other. Also, Elemica provides them with a neutral platform where they can easily transact with intermediate costs and time wastage removed. Threat of substitute products or services: Threat of substitute products/services entering the market is high because e-commerce is a very dynamic business. Any new technology or concept can easily replace it. Also, physical transactions can also easily act as a substitute to online services. Bargaining Power of Buyers: The bargaining power of buyers is again limited because of the interdependence of buyers and suppliers on each other. But since they have a large number of options available, they can easily choose from among them and get the best deals. Rivalry among Existing Competitors: There is a large scope for e-commerce online industry to grow as a whole. Also, with limited competitors in this space, there is less of a rivalry and majorly the company providing easy and better services will dominate the market. 2.8 INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES With Elemica planning to expand globally, there are several ICT challenges that will be faced by Elemica: As the customers will become increasingly global, a major chaleenge for Elemica is to manage the relationship between buyers and suppliers who may belong to different countries and cultures. Hence, Elemica must develop a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system in order to ensure that the customer relationships are long term, sustainable and add value. It will also need to be considered as to how Elemica will integrate the legacy systems that the companies currently use. Instead of connecting the ERP systems of the companies to the hub, Elemica can switch to cloud computing which will eliminate the need for integration. In order to keep up with the latest technology, Elemica can switch to cloud computing which will provide all the network facilities over the network without any need for connecting the ERP systems of the clients. The companies will then be able to access their account at any computer with internet access. This will reduce the costs incurred as well as attract more number of customers globally. While handling cross-border transactions, Elemica needs to be extra careful about the security issues and the data transfer protocols and standards to be followed. It needs to be in compliance with the international copyright laws and security standards. 3. BUSINESS CASE FOR ELEMICA 3.1 OPPORTUNITIES AND OBJECTIVES The opportunities available with Elemica are as follows: Expand its business to other countries and thus provide online supply chain integration by acting as a neutral platform for all the transactions. The challenge is to expand the system into other countries and also take care of the logistics for distribution. Adopting latest technologies so that the existing technology does not become obsolete. This will add more customers to the e-business and also make the business model more sustainable. For global expansion, Elemica can shift to cloud computing. This will save the companies from connecting their ERP systems to central software. The applications needed to run the business could be stored on servers. This will save the company costs and companies across the globe can easily do business just by logging into the internet. It will help them connect to anybody and anywhere in the world. Also, the customers can easily collaborate and work on big projects in real time. Another opportunity in the area of expansion for Elemica is that it can allow buyers to compare products from different vendors and customize their product requirements from a variety of vendors. Elemica must also start interaction among the vendors wherein they can post their comments and reviews about its services. This will help attract new customers and also enhance the credibility of the company. 3.2 CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS Critical success factors (CSFs) are a few key activities that can determine the success or failure for any type of organization (McLeod Schell, 2001). By identifying the critical success factors, companies can develop strategies and also prioritize their activities for future business (Ward Peppard, 2002). The critical success factors for Elemica to go in for a global expansion are: Need to be more customer oriented in order to be sensitive to cultural differences and be responsive to their varying needs. The web interface must also be in the local language of the countries where Elemica plans to expand. Deliver secure and reliable connection to its users. Ensure that all the transactions and data transfers remain confidential and privacy policy is adequate. Compliancy with international standards must be maintained before entering into expansion into international markets. The tax implications must be kept in mind for the success of a business in other countries. It needs to be ensured that the company is in compliance with the local tax rules. Need to be up-to-date with the latest technology so that the business model does not become obsolete and also to prevent competition. 3.3 COSTS AND BENEFITS (ROI) It is essential to calculate the return on investment before taking any business decision to ensure that the returns will be favorable for the business. It is a tool which helps in evaluating information technology and electronic commerce investments (Turban, 2008). The ROI formula divides the total net benefits (revenues less costs, for each Year) by the initial cost, resulting in a ratio that measures the ROI for each year or an entire period (Turban 2010). The various costs involved in the expansion of Elemica globally will be: Marketing costs: A marketing strategy needs to be developed in order to attract customers all across the globe. Also, advertising costs will be incurred to establish the brand image of Elemica in new countries. This will be a significant cost because the marketing campaigns need to be customized according to different locations and local markets. Operating costs: Operating costs will differ for each country. This will include the training assistance program costs and other support costs to its customers. These costs will vary because the currency values in each country will vary and the exchange rates also need to be taken into account. Also, operating costs will increase because now the hub needs to be customized for local markets and more number of customers means higher maintenance costs. Employee costs: More number of employees will be needed to handle the expanding business. Local people will have to be recruited in order to understand the local needs and be responsive to them accordingly. Administrative costs: Administrative costs will go up with an increasing number of customers. Opportunity costs: It is the cost associated with not taking an electronic commerce initiative (Schneider, 2007). If Elemica does not go ahead with the expansion, some costs will be incurred for not going with this plan, called as opportunity costs. The revenue will be generated through: Transaction fees: The clients are charged on a per transaction basis. With increased number of customers, the number of transactions will increase and hence the revenue. Training fees: The training fees charged for increasing acceptance and making the on-boarding smooth will also increase with increasing number of members. 3.4 BENEFITS OF EXPANDING GLOBALLY The benefits associated with expanding globally are: It will offset sales decline in the domestic market, if any. Even if there is not much decline in revenues in the domestic market, having a global network will act as a safeguard for future. It will increase the life cycle of our services because it may be possible that this technology gets outdated in the domestic market, but in new markets this might still be new. If Elemica goes into cloud computing, it will attract a large set of new clients, both in the domestic as well as international market, thus leading to increased revenues and higher market share. It will improve its competitive position and help in establishing itself as a global brand. 3.5 RISKS ASSOCIATED Having a web based platform makes the system susceptible to risks associated with the internet. Hence, it is important that the problems which will most likely cause damage is addressed (Van der Walt, 2002). Hence, the risks associated with global expansion of Elemicas e-business are as follows: Security issues: With data and transactions scanning across the globe, there might be security concerns and different protocols to be followed in different countries. Also, there might be concerns regarding the misuse of information that is transferred over the internet. Payment issues: With difference in currencies and exchange rates, it might become difficult to make payments among the collaborating parties, which might result in loss of cross border transactions. Threat of Frauds: Proper mechanism would have to be in place to prevent any fraudulent customers to join the network and take undue advantage. Server crashes: There might be server crashes due to expansion into remote areas which might cause the entire system to fail and thus result in huge losses. Improper integration: Risk of improper integration of the hub with ERP systems in remote locations. Violation of laws: There might be systems which may violate the home country laws, thus creating troubles for Elemica in future. Cultural differences: The local people in target countries might not be comfortable with the concept of online buying and selling of stock. This may lead to a failure of the entire business model in that country. Hence, a proper understanding of the local culture needs to be developed before entering into expansion. Changing technology: Elemica needs to be up to date with the latest technology so that their services do not become obsolete. Lack of IT infrastructure: It might be possible that some countries might not have appropriate internet infrastructure. This will hamper the expansion of e-business in that country. 4.PROPOSED PROJECT PLAN 4.1 PROJECT PLANNING AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Elemica needs to develop a detailed project plan to carry out all the planned projects, evaluate the various options available, identify specific milestones, allocate requisite resources, and manage the projects (Turban et al. 2010). There are five basic stages in developing a project (Haughey, 2010): Initiation Planning and project design Execution Monitoring and controlling systems Completion Elemica will first need to identify a project champion who will ensure that proper time, resources, and attention is given to the project throughout its initiation to implementation (Turban, 2008). Then a project team needs to be established who will develop a detailed project implementation plan. For expansion strategy, Elemica can pilot test it in some other country, which will help identify the problems and successes, thus helping in modifying the strategy accordingly (Turban, 2008). Accordingly, staff requirements are identified and fulfilled; and training given to them for the latest technology. After the completion of the proposed plan, it should be reviewed at each stage in order to overcome the inefficiencies and loopholes which were identified and then constant monitoring of the project needs to be done. Change management is a major issue which needs to be handled by Elemica during its global expansion because people will resist change. An appropriate communication strategy needs to be developed which will aim at keeping all the employees as well as Elemicas clients up-to-date with the companys strategy and latest happenings. This will help them cope with the changes (Schneider, 2007) and also help them adopt the new changing culture easily. Confidence and buy-in needs to be inculcated within the employees so that their support can be garnered for the project, which will be essential for the success of the business. 4.2 RESOURCE ALLOCATION The various resources which need to be allocated during Elemicas expansion will be human resources and IT resources. Human resources will include business managers, project managers, web designers, graohic designers, system operators and administrators (Schneider, 2007). IT resources which will be needed are the hardware and software development and its maintenance. 5.ASSESSING ONLINE B2B INDUSTRY TRADING HUB 5.1BALANCED SCORE CARD The most popular system for performance management is the use of a balanced scorecard (Turban, 2007). It was designed by Kaplan and Norton in 1996 and it describes a holistic measurement system which flows from the overall strategy of the organization and crystallizes into measureable indicators (Kaplan Norton, 1996). A balanced score card evaluates the effectiveness from the following 4 perspectives: Financial Customer Internal Business Processes Learning and Growth PERSPECTIVE OBJECTIVE METRIC RATIONALE 1) Financial Increased market share 1) Increase in the number of clients 2) Increase in the revenues 3) Increase in the number of locations where Elemica provides services Increase in market share is an important metric in determining whether the global expansion of the business has been successful or not. Only if there is an increase in the market share, it will indicate that the business is successful and is gaining more customers. Increased ROI 1) Increase in the number of transactions between clients, hence resulting in increased revenues. 2) Increase in the number of customers. It is important to measure the revenues earned in order to ensure that even if market share might have increased, the revenues have also increased along with it. Also, it is important to know that the returns are increasing on the money invested. 2) Customer Increased customer satisfaction 1) Increase in the number of repeat transactions 2) Decrease in the number of customer complaints 3) Increase in the number of positive customer reviews 4) Reduction in the response time for resolving customer complaints. Customer satisfaction is a top priority for the success of any business. Customer satisfaction ratings will indicate whether the existing customers are satisfied with the services and this in turn will determine the new customers getting added to the network. Increased visibility of Elemica 1) Increase in the number of transactions on Elemica. 2) Increase in the number of new subscribers. 3) Increased visibility among other chemical companies. This will determine whether the new marketing campaigns and expansion strategy has worked or not. Whether it will be able to generate more revenues or not. 3)Internal business processes Increase in efficiency 1) Increase in the quality of service 2) Decrease in the lag time between a complaint and resolving that complaint. 3) Increase in the number of transactions that can be handled at a particular time. 4) Increase in the speed of transactions This will help in delivering best service to the customers and will help in continuously improving upon the existing services. Better technology and transaction security 1) Increase in the transaction security even while cross-border transactions take place. 2) Adopting the latest technology and making the hub more user friendly and easy to implement. This will take of the security concerns which may arise during the expansion process in different countries. Also, the latest technology will keep Elemica inline with the competitors and help in dominating the market share. 4) Learning Growth Better skilled staff competent to handle latest techniques and varying cultures 1) Increase in % of employees who are highly skilled. 2) Develop the competencies in the staff to work in a dynamic and competitive environment. A highly skilled and competent staff will ensure that the company progresses and delivers the best to its customers all across the globe. This will also help in identifying the gaps in the skills of employees and work upon them. Increased organizational learning 1) Increase spending on RD to improve the technology used, hence delivering better services. This ensures that the latest and the best technology is used and the organization is ready to respond to the changing environment all across the globe. 5.2STRATEGY MAP The strategy map below shows the linkages between the four perspectives of Balanced Score Card and how they result in achieving the overall business strategy. INCREASED SHAREHOLDER VALUE HIGH ROI MORE MARKET SHARE FINANCIAL PERSPECTIVE LEARNING GROWTH PERSPECTIVE HIGH EFFICIENCY CUSTOMER SATISFCATION INCREASED VISIBILITY SECURITY COMPLIANCE LATEST TEHCNOLOGY MORE CUSTOMERS MORE CITIES MORE TRANSACTIONS SKILL DEVELOPMENT INCREASE IN RD COMPETENCIES HIGHLY SKILLED AND COMPETENT WORKFORCE INTERNAL PROCESS PERSPECTIVE CUSTOMER PERSPECTIVE 6.RECOMMENDATIONS The following recommendations are in order of their priority. Each one will be needing 5-6 months to implement and can be started concurrently. 6.1 OUTSOURCING OF ICT INFRASTRUCTURE In order to strengthen the ICT infrastructure of Elemica, it should adopt cloud computing. It will hence result in business process automation. All the facilities will then be available over the network without any need for connecting the ERP systems of the clients. This will help in reducing the costs of setting up hardware or software and its maintenance. Clouds are a pool of easily usable as well as accessible virtualized resources such as hardware, development, platforms and/or services (Vaquero et al. 2009, p. 51). Shown below is how cloud c

Trouble Aboard The Titanic - A Personal Account (fiction) :: essays research papers

It all started when I was enjoying a late-night game of poker with some friends of mine, including by best friend, Joe Allen. There was a small rumble and my noticed that my glass of fine wine was disturbed a bit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"What was that?† Joe said curiously.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Oh, it was probably just the firemen throwing in more coal to speed this thing up overnight.† I replied. The game continued normally until I was out of cash on hand; I wasn’t very good at poker in the first place. The end of the game was interrupted by three stewards bursting into the large room and yelling, â€Å"Everyone on deck! Secure life belts immediately!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Joe and I sprung up to see what was the matter. â€Å"What’s the big idea here?† Joe yelled to one of the stewards.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"We have a small emergency situation and everyone needs to be moved to the deck with their life belts with them.† He retorted.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I kept my cool because I knew that the first-class passengers like us were always helped first. After finding two life belts, we were herded along with many others up to the deck.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The deck was alive with movement all over. It was total pandemonium as everyone was trying to get aboard a lifeboat. â€Å"I have a feeling that the unsinkable Titanic is sinking,† Joe said.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Sinking or not, we have to get on one of these boats. It looks like they’re letting first-class on first, so we’re in luck.† I said to Joe. On the deck below us, I could see masses of people that looked like herds of sheep being rushed in one direction. I noticed myself a little more seasick than I was before, and that the deck seemed slanted. It was obvious the ship was sinking now. A guard nearby was calling for first-class passengers so we went there and climbed aboard.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Any ideas on what’s going on?† I yelled to the guard.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Yeah, we hit a huge berg and we’re taking on water fast down below.† He replied. Before I had time to think, the lifeboat was lowered into the water slowly. I felt sorry for the people on that lower deck because the ship was only half full of us rich first-class folk. The same guard had hopped onto the ship to lead it away from the dying giant. After seeing the Titanic from a distance, I could see that its long rows of deck lights weren’t perpendicular to the ocean anymore, but slanted way up.

Of Mice and Men And American Depression Beginning Essay

In 1930, the American Depression began. It was to become a feature that would affect many people’s lives. Men such as George and Lennie had no literacy skills; therefore their job span was increasingly limited. George and Lennie were unique in the way that they went around the country working on the ranches together. John Steinbeck used George and Lennie’s companionship in these times of hardship to reflect optimism and hope. Steinbeck’s knowledge is mirrored in a vast amount of this book in the way that he produces scenes for the characters to encounter and try to solve. America turned on its people in the Depression, forcing even the severely disabled to work for they had no other options they would not survive if they did not have any capital. Workers used the ranch’s resources to comfort themselves. Workers even came to the ranches on a Saturday afternoon, so they could have all their meals on the day of rest and then depart without doing any intense labour. The book illustrates this fact with the quote. ‘ Guy that wants to look over a ranch comes in Sat’day afternoon. He gets Sat’day night supper an’ three meals on Sunday, and he quit Monday mornin’ after breakfast without turning his hand’. This quote emphasises the ranch workers dependence upon the ranches and in a way lets us into the typical ranch workers pattern of thoughts, therefore this reiterates how the migrant culture worked. Throughout the book, George and Lennie have a pipe dream; this dream has been a goal, a goal to keep them from spiralling into depression. The dream is to be able to afford their own piece of land and live in peace and harmony, however the dream interprets two opposite trains of thought. For Lennie it means that he can look after the rabbits, therefore it creates a childish reality. For George he craves independence to make his individual character content, however George knows that this is a dream, he is not thinking about what will most likely happen. This was the case for many American ranch workers; they fulfilled these dreams by reading magazines with stories such as ‘The Dark Rider’. For example ‘ He went to his bunk and put his head on his shelf. Then he picked a pulp magazine from his shelf and brought it to the light over the table. This emphasises the American Dream and this is why this of magazine was so popular, it produces a play in text about a fantasy ranch worker, who travels majestically about the country on his ebony stallion. For the ranch workers they envisage that it will be them upon the stallion doing deeds to save the country, this reflects the migrant cultures point of convergence with their dreams and how it kept their hopes up high during these times of hardship. Steinbeck selects George and Lennie out of the vast migrant culture, for their unique circumstances and their overpowering friendship. For example: Lennie broke in. ‘But not us! Because†¦ because I got you to look after me, and you got me to look after you and that’s why.’ This quote depicts their fondness for one another and how important friendship was. The task for Steinbeck was to create an array of characters who had different characters and attitudes at this time, yet they formed a team who had to work together and cope with each other’s habits. The migrant culture was a population of people from different backgrounds; therefore this point is dissected from the rest of the book very well At the beginning of the novel, we follow George and Lennie through the state of Soledad trying to seek work. To make matters worse the bus driver dropped them off more than four miles from their location. ‘Jes’ a little stretch down the highway,’ he says. ‘Jes’ a little stretch.’ God damn near four miles. George is obviously angry about the bus drivers heartlessness towards these two men, however men like George and Lennie were easy targets, as the man knew he would never see them again and they were lower class civilians, therefore people showed no respect towards them. Travelling these long distances in such isolated conditions was a daunting task and there must have been some murders and fatalities in such solitary conditions. The migrant culture brought the aspect of danger into many peoples lives. On arrival. George and Lennie have to go to the boss office to submit their name and various details. It is vital that they both have a reputation for being hard workers at this early stage or they could be asked to leave. The boss’s suspicions are aroused by Lennie’s lack of communication and he immediately asks questions such as: ‘He ain’t much of a talker, is he? and , I said what stake you got in this guy? You takin’ his pay away from him?’ These questions show that the migrant culture was untrustworthy and nobody could be trusted. In the migrant culture the vast majority of ranch workers decreased every man’s chances of being noticed and looked after, therefore if the worker was not working up to the average standard they would simply be told to leave. It was a dog eats dog world and the other ranch workers were certainly not sympathetic to your feelings. For example: You was pokin your big ears into our business,’ George said. ‘ I don’ t like nobody to get nosey. Ranch workers had to have a depth of insensitivity and be oblivious to acrimonious comments. Loneliness featured in the novel was the result of bitterness. There were three main characters that represented loneliness in the novel. Crooks was a black man who looked after the stables. During the American Depression, black people were shown little respect and the white people regarded them as slaves making hurtful comments and forcing them into isolation for the insignificant reason of their colour. To add to Crook’s misery, he had a severely bowed back, this limited his work span and his isolation became greater. Crook’s was bitter towards all white people for the way they had mentally scared him and for this reason he showed no feelings towards them either. Crook’s was even a solitary figure at night, for he was not even allowed into the bunkhouse let alone to sleep in there. Crooks confided in books to make up for his social loss, however he could only seek refuge in a book to a certain degree and soon he fell into the bottomless pit of seclusion once mo re. Crooks was even foul to his equals such as Lennie. ‘ Crooks said sharply: ‘ You got no right to come in my room. This here’s my room. Nobody got any right in here but me.’ This quote reflects Crook’s bitterness and shows that his isolated life has made him selfish. The America Depression and the migrant culture turned on black people and treated them as dirt. Crooks feels this harsh mannerism and understandingly turns against it, which makes him uncivil too. Curley’s wife is another lonesome character, who seeks solace with the workers on the ranch. Her isolation is increased by the fact that she is the only woman on the ranch and the only unemployed person as well, therefore she has far too much time on her hands. Her hasty marriage was a way to conquer loneliness; however it has only stretched her detachment from the world. Other lonesome characters such as Candy and George will not mix with her, as they see her as a troublesome threat. The only person on the ranch who listens to Curley’s wife is Lennie, however the relationship is not true, for Lennie’s mental problems make it infeasible for him to join in any conversation. Lennie’s power is what makes Curley’s wife attracted to him, for Lennie crushed Curley’s hand during a fight. Most women would be furious with the man who had injured her husband, but Curley’s wife laughs saying to Lennie.’ Ok, Machine. I’ll talk to you later. I like machines.’ This implicates how she hates her husband and reveals that she only married him for security. Curley’s wife knows that Lennie is mentally inadequate, therefore she feels as if she has power over him and of course it is unlikely that she has ever experienced this feeling before. The migrant culture has had a great effect on Curley’s wife life. The men who once had time for her, now have to work to survive, therefore they have no time for her inane chatter. George is another solitary character on the ranch. This may sound inaccurate, but as we have discovered Lennie is mentally disabled and cannot participate in sort of conversation. George may be able to have a social life at the ranches, however he will only stay at a ranch for a small duration of time, so close friendships cannot be made. The migrant culture had an immense impact on ranch workers social lives and soon they would have become social outcasts. In chapter three, Lennie brings the subject of the dream into conversation, while sitting down with George one night. George informs him of a reasonably priced farm he has discovered. Candy joined in the conversation still traumatised by his elderly dog’s sudden death asking the details of this house. George is reluctant to tell him for the reason that it has been George and Lennie’s dream from when they started roaming the countryside for work and it would seem immoral for them to invite someone they did not know into it at this stage. Candy is not struck back by these comments and informs them that he has $450 saved up in the bank. ‘ George half-closed his eyes. ‘ I gotta think about that. We was always gonna do it by ourselves.’ George portrays a reluctant character who is unwilling to co-operate, yet inside he is probably celebrating the making of his dream. The sudden scope of this dream that has been released is truly magnificent. George and Lennie have conquered every migrant worker’s pessimistic prospect, to make their dream realistic George is overcome by this unexpected event that he knows will change his life for the rest of his days. In the book he frees his humble and timid character to replace it with an electrifying and bold person who we have not seen before. Quotes to reflect this outburst are: George said reverently: ‘Jesus Christ’! I bet we could swing her.’ His eyes full of wonder. ‘I bet we could swing her,’ he repeated softly and George stood up. ‘We’ll do her,’ he said. ‘ We’ll fix up that little old place an’ we’ll go live there’. George is ecstatic he has finally found a way to make his naturally independent character content and he will be able to make his own money by being the boss, the man he has respected for so long. At last Lennie will be safe from the temptations of the world that he simply cannot handle. George and Lennie have found hope in these mentally painful times, which scarred so many men for life. This scene interprets the fortunes of the human life and after many downfalls they have come to a conclusion, that many migrant workers never found. In novels after optimism comes despondency. The ending of this book is tragic. Lennie, who has become easily influenced by Curley’s wife flirtatious movements becomes too attached to her and when asked to feel her hair he becomes over exuberant and in sheer panic clings on to the delicate framework of this woman, Curley’s wife slumps to the ground like a ragdoll taking the effect of this man’s awesome power with a broken neck to prove the damage, which can not be reversed. The tragedy led to Lennies disappearance and the ranch workers pursue him , however George knew where he was from an earlier plan and went to find him. ‘The hand shook violently, but his face set and his hand steadied. He pulled the trigger. The crash of the shot rolled up the hills and rolled down again. Lennie jarred, and then settled slowly forward to the sand, and he lay without quivering.’ A emotional scene for two people we thought were so fond of each other, however George knew that Curley and fellow friends were going to kill him and in the most brutal manner possible to mankind, which would have been distressing for the two companions. George thought it would have been appropriate for Lennie’s last living moments to be filled with the memory that they loved the most, the dream. The dream would not be fulfilled after Lennies crime and death; therefore he would be of a majority once again working to make his dream reality and this is why so many migrants ended becoming severely depressed and killing themselves as a result of their bitterness and hurt. John Steinbeck creates a novel, which depicts a compelling yet brusque meaning. Steinbeck brings out the truth of these times and does not try to shroud it and keep it away from the human eye, for nothing can hide the truth. Since George came to this ranch in Soledad, we have been through his pain with him and happiness, however we have always had the dream in the back of our minds. Grasping the fact that the dream will never occur has added a touch of realism to this book and made us realise that this is not a imaginary story, instead it is the hard hitting truth. The novel has made it obvious that the typical migrant workers life was a continuous circle, which never changes its shape and that it would be the same for George from now on. Hopes and Dreams have been the ‘backbone’ for this story. Many of the characters have mentioned a dream and at that point their tone of voice changed. For example: She looked up at Lennie, and she made a small grand gesture with her arm and hand to show that she could act. The fingers trailed after her leading wrist and her little finger stuck out grandly from the rest. This quote shows how Curley’s wife sparkles on the inside, when she talks about her illusive acting career. Dreams meant so much more to people during the American Depression as they do to our generation due to the great span of activities we can do today compared to the limited amount in the 1930’s.A number of peoples dreams can be accomplished today for we have the technology. Hopes and Dreams became the great factor in George and Lennie’s relationship, for it gave them something to talk about that they both understood and talking is the key to a good friendship. Lonesome migrant workers did not have a friend to confide instead they constantly thought about the long working hours and their isolation. A dream kept them focused and acted as an aid to comfort them. George has now become one of these lonely souls, who we envisage trekking along dusty roads with a face tangled by his own grief. It would not have been right if Lennie, George and Candy went to the idyllic farmhouse and lived happily ever, as that would have not been reflecting the outcome of so many migrant workers lives and Steinbeck would have been interpreting a false hope to the reader. Characters in the novel such as Candy and Crooks fell into the ‘invalid category’, where they were envisaged as being outsiders who looked up to normal people on the ranch. Crooks was a black man and at the time of the Depression, black people were looked upon as dirt and only being able to do jobs that would not involve them with any human contact, therefore he was very much isolated from the world and felt bitter and resentful towards any human who tried to bond with him. An example of Crook’s bitterness: ‘ Crooks said sharply: You got no right to come in my room. This here’s my room. Nobody got any right in here but me.’

How to Write a Good Counteroffer Email

How to Write a Good Counteroffer Email Congrats! You got the job and it’s time for negotiations. You know you have to counter the first offer- that’s just good business sense. But perhaps you’re worried about being too aggressive and possibly losing the opportunity. You shouldn’t be. First, do your homework. Some companies are not willing to consider counteroffers. Maybe they have an established salary range that they’ve already maxed out for you. If you’re pressing forward, here are a few tips and strategies to help you get closer to the compensation you want.1. Think before you write.You’re not happy with the compensation package, and they seem open to negotiation. Do some research- find out what the average salary is for your equivalent position in that area. See what other commensurate companies are offering in the way of benefits and salary. Consider the whole package, including any relocation costs, sick days, vacation, family leave, telecommuting, etc.2. Know your va lue.Do some market research to determine what you should be making, given your skills and experience. Craft your best argument for a higher final offer. You’ll want to sell yourself with clear intel and reasons behind you for why you deserve a bump before signing. Look at local salary surveys, calculators, recruiters, colleagues, mentors, even LinkedIn groups and online research.3. Get time on your side.Buy yourself a couple of days â€Å"to think about the offer.† Don’t forget to emphasize your enthusiasm about the position so they don’t think you’ve lost interest. Show yourself to be thoughtful, not impulsive or anxious.4. Don’t be greedy.Don’t ask for more than is reasonable. If you ask for something within normal range, and you’re prepared to defend your ask, then don’t stand down and cave immediately. Let the process work as it should. And if you’re given what you ask, take it. Don’t try to then ask fo r even more.5. Go for it!Type your counter letter up in a standard business letter format. Put the employer’s information and your contact information in the header. Address the letter to your employer. Write an intro that emphasizes your interest and provides reasons why you’re excited and you think you’d be a good fit. Kill them with kindness. Then, in the body, include a short paragraph for every point of the original offer you wish to counter. Make sure to have done your homework and include appropriate reasons for why this is deserved. Then write a polite conclusion reemphasizing your keenness on the position and your respect for the company and their process. Offer, if you like, to meet in person to discuss. Sign it: â€Å"Respectfully yours.† And wait!6. Be ready to walk away.Don’t bluff. The last thing you want to do is put a number on the table and have them refuse to negotiate at all. If you say â€Å"I can’t work here for any les s than x,† and they don’t offer you x, then you have to be prepared to turn down the opportunity. If they are being completely unreasonable (i.e. they don’t have an established salary policy and are just playing hardball for no reason), then you might want to do this anyway.7. Be professional.Keep it classy and keep your tone measured and professional. Back up all of your asks with good solid reasons. Say ‘no’ nicely and learn to hear ‘no’ without going ballistic. Be as assertive as you need to be without becoming aggressive. Don’t be threatening, and don’t take things personally. It’s business, and a perfectly normal process.8. Listen more than you talk.If your process advances to face-to-face negotiations, pay attention to their body language and yours. Be commanding, but not pugnacious. Keep your mouth shut and be strong. The person who talks first often is the one who walks away from negotiations with the lesser end of the stick. And keep personal sob stories about finances to yourself.9. Get it in writing.If you succeed at getting a higher offer, make sure to get it in writing before you sign anything!

The House and Senate essays

The House and Senate essays In 1781 at the Constitutional Convention was where it all began. Everything was put on the table for the hope of a new and improved well working government. Since there was already a preview (The Articles of Confederation) of what our government was shaping out to be 55 men strived, persuaded, compromised and worked diligently for a strong constitution. Thanks to the Great compromise out came the solution. There was to be three branches of national government: Legislative, Executive and Judicial. In todays constitution Article 1 is discussing the first of the three branches, the Legislative Branch. This is in fact the longest article of the Constitution; there is much to cover. The Legislative Branch consists of the Congress, the Senate and The House of Representatives. There are many duties and details to this powerful branch but its main and major job is to make our countries laws. The lawmaking process is quite a lengthy process. The law (bill) must be purposed to either house and then is sent to a committee. From there it is either re-written as a recommend passage or ignored. After this it is read over and if the bill has made it this far then the whole house votes on the bill. If it passes favorably then the second house votes on it after this the bill goes to the president. The president has some choices he can pass the law by signing it, reject it or veto it. Though the House and the Senate play a large role in the lawmaking process they have different duties. I n the Senate their duties consist of: passing bills, approving treaties by the President, jury of impeachment process and they also approve the selection of certain federal officers. The duties of the house are, pass bills to the Senate and President, sole power of impeachment process and they also have the important duty of selecting the president if there is no majority vote. All of these processes and details make our laws and leg ...

Negotiable Instruments and Bankruptcy - Secured loan in Saudi Arabia Essay

Negotiable Instruments and Bankruptcy - Secured loan in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example Saudi Arabia appreciates suretyship from individuals or companies to reduce the liability of the debt. Most importantly, according to the law guiding commercial mortgages a pledge to have a movable asset as a security for a debt related to a mortgage is regarded as a commercial relationship with the debtor (ARTICLE 1). This implies that a movable asset and all the parties, whose rights and commitments are attached to it can be used to act as a surety against a mortgage. It is imperative note that, a mortgage asset is that one that is saleable and outlined into detail in a current of future mortgage contract. On equal measure, all the properties that have not been acquired cannot be assumed to be mortgaged (ARTICLE 2). This is because there no substantial certainty that the intended plans of acquiring will materialize and in the event that, the properties are not acquired the mortgage contract becomes obsolete. This study finds out that, a mortgage becomes a debt if the amount of the secured debt is established in the mortgage contract. Lien as an option in a mortgage contract A lien is a right offered to another by the owner of a property to secure a debt. Notably, a lien can be the creation of the law for specific creditors. The lien is an option in Saudi Arabia and the mortgaged property can be used as collateral. ... This situation requires the real owner or mortgagee creditor to assert is authority to a substitute mortgage. In inapplicable cases, the mortgagee creditor may annul the contract. For reliability and functionality of this concept, the mortgage and the secured debt must remain indissoluble or enjoined. This is because; the concept of the validity and satisfaction of the mortgage will be only relevant if and only if, the secured loan is valid and satisfactory (ARTICLE 5). For example, if the mortgagor is a different entity other than the debtor, then he shall be entitled to assert the defenses that relates to the debt and he is required to sustain this right even after the relinquishment of the debtor. Sustenance of this right is fundamental in reclaiming the property because e is the real owner. The procedure of enforcement The enforcement procedure depends on the possession rights. For instance, the mortgage shall not be imposed against third party unless the possession rights of the mortgage asset are transferred to the mortgage debtor. This is to ensure that the third party continues to enjoy benefits as he continues to repay the loan. On the other hand, in case of the absence of the mortgage creditor an escrow, who is an individual designated by the mortgage creditor to be in possession of the mortgaged assets and the interest is accruing to him on behalf of the mortgage creditor. The overall essence in this scenario is to allow the mortgage debtor to possess the property until the mortgage is satisfied. On equal measure, the escrow or the mortgage creditor designated by two contracting parties shall assume the ownership rights of the mortgaged asset if the property is put at his disposal through the provision of deeds indicating transfer

Juvenile Justice Authority Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Juvenile Justice Authority - Essay Example They have their own courts and their own rehabilitation centres (Fisher 2000). Gies (2001) notes that, the juvenile courts work according to the premise that the children are different from the adults in terms of responsibilities and rehabilitation. Treatment and successful reintegration of the youths in to the society are the main aim of the juvenile justice authority. Under federal law, all children between the age of ten and eighteen are considered as juvenile. Though, each state determine who is to taken to the juvenile court. Cases can be transferred from criminal courts to juvenile court, depending on the offence committed. When a child is tried in a criminal court he or she is still considered a child, and he may be treated as a youth offender. This makes the process a closed hearing unlike an adult who will be given a public hearing. All the states, do allow children to be tried as adults in a criminal court depending with the crime committed, Some states exclude serious, committed crime from juvenile courts regardless of the childs age. The prosecutors decide on whether to find a criminal offence in a criminal court or taken to the juvenile system. On the other hand, the juvenile court may order the child to criminal court. In the juvenile justice, the juvenile is provided with safeguards, just like the adult criminal. This includes the right to trial, the right against self defence and the right to call a witness. In most states the juvenile there are no juries, and they not demand a bail. The juvenile court has been seen by the youth who passed through it as a guardian that models individual characters and the court aimed at providing for the child’s individual interests when making decisions on the crime committed (Ryan 2001). The process by which a chid goes through after a period of confinement has many names like after care services, reintegration services, transitional care and juvenile services. The process of